电子商务模式就是指在网络环境和大数据环境中基于一定技术基础的商务运作模式和盈利模式。换而言之，电子商务模式是企业通过电子商务创造价值、获取利润的方式，即企业在网络环境中要生存、要发展所采取的运营方式和盈利模式，是应用 IT 技术实现的新的商务框架和方法。其本质是商务的新方法和商务的新构想。电子商务模式决定了企业在价值链中的位置。E – commerce model is the way to do business and the model to gain profit based on certain technology under the environment of network and big data . In other words , E – commerce model is the way enterprises create value and gain profit by E – commerce . That is the way of operation and model of gaining profit for enterprises to survive and develop under the network environment . It is the new business framework realized by information technology . It is essentially the new method and the new concept of business . E – commerce model decides an enterprise ’ s position in the value chain .
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??商业模式构成要素（Elements of Business Model)
1.利润：利润是商业经济组织最重要、最基础的指标之一。
Profit is one of the most important basic index of business organization.
2.市场收益：企业通常需要对市场容量和开发难易程度进行综合考虑，一般从开拓市场的成本来分析市场收益。
An enterprise usually needs to balance between the capacity of market and the
difficulty of development . Market return is usualy analyzed from the cost of developing a market .
3.人的因素：人是最重要的生产力因素之一。
Human is the most important factor of productivity.
??电子商务模式的内涵（The Connotation of E-commerce Model)
所谓电子商务模式就是指在网络环境中基于一定技术基础的商务运作方式和盈利模式。
E-commerce model refers to the way to operate business and gain profit based on certain technology under network environment.
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电子商务的分类（Classification of E-commerce）
从不同的角度考察不同的领域，电子商务的分类方法也不尽相同。
The classification of E-commerce can different if considered from different perspectives different fields .
??基于交易主体视角（Based on the Transaction Main Body）
B2B模式
企业与企业之间的电子商务是指企业与企业之间通过互联网进行的商务活动。也就是说，进行电子商务的供需双方都是企业（或商家），它们通过网络交换信息，传递各类电子单证（如订单、合同、付款通知等），从而使交易全过程实现电子化和无纸化。B2B是目前应用最广泛的一种电子商务。 B2B网站的典型代表有阿里巴巴、中国制造网、慧聪网和敦煌网等。
B2B mode E-commerce refers to the business activities between enterprises via internet . Namely , both the suppliers and purchasers are enterprises or merchants who exchange information and transmit all clectronic documents , such as orders , contracts and payment notices etc. so that the whole transaction process becomes electronic and paperless .B2B is the most widely applied E-commerce mode. The exemplars of B2B are Alibaba.com , Made-in-China.com ,HC360.com and DHgate . com , etc .
B2C模式
企业与消费者之间的电子商务指企业与消费者之间进行商品或服务的交易。这类电子商务实际上是电子化的在线零售业。B2C的典型代表有亚马逊、当当网、京东商城、唯品会和天猫等。
B2C mode E-commerce refers to the transactions between enterprises and customers . It is actually the electronic online retailing which is now widespread on the internet.The exemplars of B2C are Amazon.com , dangdang .com , JD.com , vip . com and Tmall.com , etc .
C2C模式
在C2C模式中，电子商务活动的主要参与者都是个体消费者。该模式指的是个体消费者间在互联网上进行的自由买卖，其构成要素包括买卖双方外，还包括电子交易平台供应商。拍卖就是最为常见的C2C交易方式。
The participants in C2C E-commerce activities are all individual consumers . In this mode , the individual consumers buy and sell items freely on Internet whose elements include both business parties and electronic transaction platform suppliers , Auction is the most common way of C2C transactions.
B2G模式
企业与政府之间的电子商务涵盖了政府与企业间的各项事务，包括政府采购、税收、商检，管理条例发布，以及法规和政策颁布等。
B2G mode E-commerce covers various business between the government and the enterprises , including government procurement , tax , commodity inspection , issuing regulations , promulgating laws and policies and so on .
C2B模式
这种模式是指先有消费者提出需求，后有生产或商贸企业按需求组织生产、组织货源。
In this mode, the customers first put forward their demands , then the producers produce the products , or the traders purchase the commodities according to the demands.
C2G模式
个人消费者与政府之间的电子商务涵盖个人与政府之间的若干事务，如个人公积金的缴纳、养老金的领取以及个人向政府纳税等。
C2G mode covers various affairs between individuals and the government , such as paying the public accumulation fund , drawing the pension , and paying income tax,etc.
??基于运作方式视角（Based on the Operational Mode).
根据所销售的产品（服务）、销售过程（如订单、支付、交易完成）和销售代理（或中间商）的数字化程度（从实物到数字的转变）的不同，电子商务可以有多种形式。
E – commerce can take several forms depending on the degree of digitization ( the transformation from physical to digital ) of (1) the product ( service ) sold ,(2) the process ( e . g ., ordering , payment , fulfillment ), and (3) the delivery method .
??基于社会再生产领域视角（Based on the Social Reproduction Areas）
社会再生产依次经历生产、流通（交换）和消费三个阶段，电子商务作为新的生产力，在每一个阶段都有应用，但不同的阶段具有不同的特征和要求，因此，电子商务在不同阶段的运作模式也就有所差异，基于社会再生产，不同领域的电子商务有不同模式。
Social reproduction experiences three stages of production , circulation ( exchange ) and consumption . E-commerce as a new productivity can be applied in each of the stage but presents different features and requirements in different stages . Thus , E-commerce operation differs at different stages . Based on the social reproduction , different areas ’ E-commerce may present different models .
??基于应用平台视角（Based on the Application PLatform)
按照电子商务应用的网络平台类型来分类，电子商务主要包括四种类型基于 EDI 网络的电子商务、基于互联网的电子商务，基于企业内部网和基于移动互联网的电子商务。
Based on the application platform , E-commerce can be classified into four models : E-commerce based on EDI , E-commerce based on internet , E-commerce based on intranet and E-commerce based on mobile internet .
??基于交易范围视角（Based on the Transcation Scope)
按照开展电子交易的范围划分，主要分为三类：本地电子商务、远程国内电子商务、全球电子商务。
According to the electronic transaction scope , E-commerce can be classified into three types ：Local E-commerce、Domestic Remote E-commerce、Global E-commerce.
??基于交易对象视角（Based on the Transcation Objects)
有形商品电子商务、数字商品电子商务、服务商品电子商务
Tangible Commodity E-commerce、Digital Commodity E-commerce、Service Commodity E-commerce
??基于交易阶段视角（Based on the Transaction Stage)
商贸业务一般分为交易前、交易中和交易后3个阶段，按照这三个不同阶段电子商贸系统在其业务处理上也有较大的差别。
Business trade usually can be divided into three stages of pre-transaction , in-transaction and post-transaction . Different stage of E-commerce can be handled differently in operation .
??基于企业业务范围视角（Based on the Sphere of Bussiness)
从企业电子商务系统业务处理过程一涉及的范围出发，可以分为企业内部、企业间及企业与消费者之间三种电子商务类型。
E-commerce can be classified into three types of E-commerce—intra-business , inter-business and business between enterprise and consumers according to the sphere of enterprise E-commerce system .
??基于平台产品视角（Based on the Platform-based Product)
从网站平台产品的角度对电子商务进行分类，可分为三大类，即现货产品、旧货产品和未来产品。
E-commerce can be classified into three forms based on the platform-based product which are spot products , used products and future products.
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